Brazil Basin Current Meter Data Report

The Deep Basin Experiment (DBE) is an international effort with the principal objective of improving our knowledge of the subthermocline circulation, both in a descriptive and dynamic sense. The DBE is designated as an offical World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) program under Core Project 3. Its plan and implementation are described in the document “toward a Deep Basin Experiment” (WOCE,1990). For both logistic and scientific reasons the DBE field work is focused on the Brazil Basin, a region to the west of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge stretching from the Ceara Rise near the equator in the north to the Santos Plateau-Rio Grande Rise system near 30 ° S. This report is concerned with the results of deployment in late 1993 of an array of 10 current meter moorings (Figure 1b) by the Current Meter Facility, Dept. of Oceanography, Florida State University to study deep flows in the western Brazil Basin ( the deep western boundary currents there). These moorings were set out on the R/V Maurice Ewing cruise EW9306 between 9/27/93 and 10/01/93. Recovery of the moorings was done on the R/V Oceanus cruise OC-266, Leg III between 3/20/95 and 3/29/95.

This report describes the data collected by the meters recovered. The data from the current meters were read and processed at the Dept. Of Oceanography, Florida State University.

2. Hydrographic Background

In the Brazil Basin, three major water masses are found beneath the permanent thermocline: the relatively cool, fresh, and oxygen-poor Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) formed in the Southern Ocean, the warm, salty, well-oxygenated North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) derived from the North Atlantic and the Arctic seas, and the colder, fresher, oxygen-poorer Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) formed around Antarctica. NADW is subdivided into three components, the upper component (UNADW) derived from the Mediterranean Overflow Water, the middle (MNADW) associated with the Labrador Sea Water and a lower component (LNADW) that originated in the Denmark Strait Overflow Water. In accordance with their densities, NADW is sandwiched between the overlying AAIW and the underlying AABW. The geostophic currents estimated from the South Atlantic Ventilation Experiment (SAVE) 2 section (c.f. DeMadron and Weatherly (1994)), nominally along 18°S and along which our moored array of current meters is approximately situated in the western Brazil Basin, is shown in Figure 1. The level of no motion in this estimate is the density surface s4 = 45.87 ( the interface between NADW and AABW ), and, for shallower water, where there is no AABW, the density surface s2 = 36.7 ( the interface between AAIW and NADW ). The deep western boundary current (DWBC) of AABW is seen in this figure as a broad (800 km wide) northward current centered about 600 km from the shelf break flowing over the bottom. The DWBC of NADW is seen as a narrower (300 km wide) southward flow, to the west of the AABW DWBC, centered about 175 km from the shelf break. Some indication of a second, weaker core of this DWBC is found centered about 550 km from the shelf break and overlying the AABW DWBC. The AAIW DWBW, which is only partially resolved in this section, is seen as a shallower northward flow limited to within about 150 km of the shelf break.

To see the average currents of the three water masses, click on AAIW, UNADW, LNADW, or AABW.

3. Array Rationale

Instrument distribution was chosen to be in accord with the first of the three objectives of the DBE:

1. To observe and quantify the deep circulation, including the deep boundary currents, within the Bazil Basin.

1a. To observe and quantify spatial and temporal changes of the Brazil Current and its recirculastion on scales up to one year;

2. To distinguish between boundary and interior mixing processs;

3. To understand the means by which passages affect the flow of water through them.

The layout of the moorings, and the distribution of the current meters on them, are based on the inferred flow pattern of the DWBC of AAIW, NADW, and AABW of De Madron and Weatherly (1994) shown in Figure 1. Also influencing the mooring design was a freon section obtained at the time of the SAVE2

survey by W. Smethie, Jr. (1993, personal communication). This section showed freon levels above the noise level only in the UNADW portion of NADW DWBW, and in the AABW DWBC. The freon core in the NADW did not exactly coincide with the velocity core in Figure 1, but did coincide with the AABW velocity core in Figure 1.

This study was funded only to study the DWBC of NADW and AAIW. After funding commenced, Prof. Eugenie Kontar of the Shirshov Institute of Oceanography, Moscow, offered tp provide up to 10 Russian Potok II current meters at no cost, provided only shipping costs were covered. With serendipitous savings, we were able to ship and deploy and deploy 8 of these Potok II current meters. Six of these were placed to give information of AAIW flow, and two were placed to flesh-out the AABW moorings.

Table 1: Mooring Characteristics

M#	Water Depth	Latitude S Deg Min	Longitude W Deg Min	Mag Var(W)	Launch Date	Recovery Date	No. Data Days
1	1738 m	18 52.115	37 47.777	23.9	10/01/93	3/29/93	543.3
2	3491 m	18 44.293	37 15.354	24.0	09/30/93	3/28/93	543.3
3	3773 m	18 39.880	36 45.625	24.2	09/30/93	3/28/93	543.3
4	4015 m	18 33.469	35 39.964	24.4	09/30/93	3/27/93	543.2
5	4153 m	18 25.917	34 51.946	24.6	09/27/93	3/23/93	539.8
6	4372 m	18 17.227	33 55.396	24.8	09/29/93	3/23/95	539.8
7	4440 m	18 06.946	32 49.489	24.9	09/28/93	3/20/95	537.7
8	4640 m	17 57.873	31 39.932	na	09/28/93	lost	na
9	4788 m	17 44.670	30 00.312	25.2	09/27/93	3/26/95	544.4
10	5316 m	17 25.172	28 00.445	na	09/26/93	lost	na

4. Moorings

4.1 Location of Moorings

Figure 1b shows the study site with the locations of the deployed moorings. The coordinates of the mooring locations, given in Table 1, are the ship’s GPS readings at the time of launch.

4.2 Mooring Designs

Figure 1 shows the vertical layout of the moorings. Figures 2, 3,and 4 display the three mooring designs used. The Russian floats depicted are syntactic ones and are formed of 35 cm diameter hemispheres and 35 cm diameter by 18 cm high discs with a 2.5 cm titanium rod inserted through them for mounting purposes.

5. Pressure Sensors

A strain gauge pressure transducer model 1231-18A-K5L-A-C by Foxboro/ICT, Inc., San Jose, CA was installed with the BSCM meters at the top of moorings 2-7. These meters were designed to be set at 1800 meter depths. The standard BSCM cards were modified to record the data from the sensors. The range is 5 psi to 2000 psi. The sensors were added to see how far down the meters were displaced when the moorings were healed over under large currents. The raw data plots indicate that for large currents an approximately 400dbar increase in pressure did sometimes occur. Tables 14 and 15 contain some statistics of the pressure sensors.

6. Current Meters

6.1 Description of Standard Current Meters

The current meters were built at FSU and are based on Geodyne 101 current meters with Pacer Systems, Inc. (previously Sea Data Corp.), Billerica, MA, electronics.

They use a Savonious rotor to measure current speed, a vane and internal compass to measure direction, a thermistor to measure temperature, and an inclinometer to measure deviation from vertical. Normally during a 32-second recording interval, the current meter senses the compass and vane settings every 4 seconds, and the number of 1/6th rotor revolutions over the previous 4 seconds. During the first 28 seconds of each interval, the average temperature is measured, and at the end of each interval time, the inclination of the meter from the vertical is measured and all the information (276 bits) is written on a 4-channel magnetic-tape cassette. The 32-second recording interval is repeated either continuously, or every 3.75 minutes, 7.5 minutes, ... 120 minutes. For this study, the sampling interval was repeated every 60 minutes. Because of their sampling scheme, the current meters are hereafter referred to as burst-sampling current meters ( BSCM's).

Stall speed of the rotor is about 2 cm/sec. One rotor revolution corresponds to 6 rotor counts.The vane and compass have a seven-bit (± 2.8°) resolution.The inclinometer has a resolution of 5° over the range 0 ° to 35 ° . Time is measured by a quartz clock with an accuracy of ± 10e-6 hz, which translates to an accuracy of ± 2.63 seconds per month. The temperature sensor is a Yellow Springs Instrument Co., Yellow Springs, OH 45387 model 44032 thermistor and has a resolution of 0.0002 ° C with an absolute accuracy of ± 0.1°C.

6.2 Description Meters on Moorings 1 and 8

The moorings 1 and 8 were set up to record a speed profile in the bottom boundary layer as well as the velocity at two levels. Figure 3 shows the design of mooring 1 (identical to 8). ). The meters were inverted and electronics modified to record data from three additional rotors per meter spaced out along the mooring line. For meter 11 the compass and vane were both inverted. For meter 22 the vane was inverted, but the compass was not

6.3 Description of Russian Potok II Current Meters

The Potok II current meter is based roughly on the Aanderaa rotor-vane current meter. However, instead of a rotor it has an impeller, and instead of a single long vane it has a shorter, bi-vane structure. Also, its hanger off-sets it from the mooring line ( see Figures 2 and 4 ) rather than hanging directly in line. The Potok II has a solid state recorder, which when sampling once every hour yields 340 days of velocity and temperature data. The Potoks were modified for this deployment to record 680 days of bihourly sampled data; however, for some, as yet, unknown reason, they recorded for only 340 days.

7. Data Quality and Processing

7.1 Mooring Recovery and Current-Meter Data Quality

Not all current meters were recovered or functioned properly. Tables 1 and 2 summarize what moorings or meters were not recovered and which meters did not function properly. In most cases data losses were due to mechanical failures. Meters 26 and 19 had their rotors seize up part way through the deployment. Meter 01's compass seized after 8 months and meters 03 and 19 had sticky compasses. Meter 15 had a problem recording data on its cassette tape. Meter R44's data was zeroed out after recovery due to an operator error.

We were unable to communicate with the releases on mooring 10. While we could communicate with one of the releases on mooring 8, the mooring did not surface after the release command was sent.

7.2 Data Processing

7.2.1 BSCM's

Averaged u (east velocity component), v (north velocity component), and speed values for every 32- second recording interval were computed by vector averaging the 8 sets taken every 4 seconds. Unfiltered raw data were plotted to check for bad data points and other problems. Bad points were replaced by linearly interpolated values.

Speed values were corrected for inclination with the inclinometer information and calibrations given in the model 101-1 current meter instruction manual ( EG&G International, Inc. Waltham, Mass., 1970 ). and are reproduced in Table 3.

Table 2: Summary of meters and data recorded and data quality

site	Meter s/n	Meter depth	water depth	Type of Data Recorded	Launch Date	Recovery Date	Comments
1	11	1731	1738	c v r t	10/01/93	3/39/95	good data
1	22	1718	1738	c v r t	10/01/93	3/29/95	good data
2	07	3391	3491	c v r t	9/30/93	3/28/95	good data
2	26	2800	3491	c v r t	9/30/93	3/28/95	rotor seized up 9/10/94
2	20	1800	3491	c v r t P	9/30/93	3/28/95	good data
2	R49	900	3491	c v r t	9/30/93	3/28/95	good data
3	35	3673	3773	c v r t	9/30/93	3/28/95	good data
3	01	2800	3773	c v r t	9/30/93	3/28/95	compass seized up 5/21/94
3	03	1800	3773	c v r t P	9/30/93	3/28/95	sticky compass
3	R25	900	3773	none	na	na	meter missing from mooring on recovery
4	19	3915	4015	c v r t	9/30/93	3/27/95	rotor seized up 5/20/94; sticky compass
4	27	2800	4015	c v r t	9/30/93	3/27/95	good data
4	13	1800	4015	c v r t P	9/30/93	3/27/95	good data
4	R22	900	4015	c v r t	9/30/93	3/27/95	good data
5	29	4053	4153	c v r t	9/27/93	3/23/95	good data
5	15	2800	4153	none	9/27/93	3/23/95	tape problem , many data dropouts
5	17	1800	4153	c v r t P	9/27/93	3/23/95	good data
5	R35	900	4153	c v r t	9/27/93	3/23/95	good data
6	32	4272	4372	c v r t	9/29/93	3/23/95	good data
6	31	2800	4372	c v r t	9/29/93	3/23/95	good data
6	16	1800	4372	c v r t P	9/29/93	3/23/95	good data
6	R27	900	4372	c v r t	9/29/93	3/23/95	good data
7	34	4340	4440	c v r t	9/28/93	3/20/95	good data
7	30	2800	4440	c v r t	9/28/93	3/23/95	good data
7	09	1800	4440	c v r t P	9/28/93	3/23/95	good data
7	R44	900	4440	none	9/28/93	3/23/95	no data , operator error
9	R34	4781	4788	c v r	9/27/93	3/26/95	current data good, temp bad
9	25	4688	4788	c v r t	9/27/93	3/26/95	good data
9	06	4588	4788	c v r t	9/27/93	3/26/95	good data

The measured BSCM vane directions were corrected for the influence of the earth's magnetic field on the vane follower magnets. The vane-angle corrections for meter 25 were used as they are representative for the BSCM’s. Graphs of the vane-angle corrections for meter 25 have been included in a previous data report (Harkema and Weatherly (1987)). The maximum effect (± approximately 4°) of the earth's magnetic field occurs when the vane is oriented approximately towards magnetic east or west.

The BSCM directions were corrected for magnetic north variation according to values given in Table 1.

Temperatures were determined from the thermistor counts using the following calibration expression:

temperature(°C) = #counts(34.(° C)/114688 counts) - 2.(°C).

The resulting velocity and temperature time series are displayed in the raw data plots (Figures 29-33,35-40, 42, 43, 45-47, 49-51, 53, 54).

Table 3: Slope of rotor conversion curve as a function of inclination angle

(speed=(slope· rev/sec) + 2 cm/sec) for each angle of inclination.

incl. angle(° )	0	5	10	15	20	25	30	35
slope (cm/rev)	36.6	39.1	40.1	41.0	42.0	43.0	45.5	50.0

7.2.2 Potok II’s

The Potok II’s current meters were read at Florida State University with a Russian reader kindly made available to us by Professor Daniel Hanes of the University of Florida. Konstantin Marusin, also of the University of Florida, helped us use this reader.

8. Data Presentation

In this report statistics, vector stick plots, progressive-vector diagrams, autocorrelation plots, temperature and pressure time series plots, and raw-data plots are presented. The plots are grouped by mooring. The data from the exterior rotors on meters 11 and 22 on mooring 1 appear to be good, but are not reported here except in the raw data plots.

8.1 Statistics

Computational procedures for statistical parameters are given below; over bars indicate mean components (averaged over the duration of the record). These parameters for raw and daily averaged current-meter data are tabulated in Tables 4-15.

Table 4: Some Raw Data Statistics

Meter		Av. Current		Kinetic Energy		Principal Axis Parameters				Covariances
s/n	Depth (m)	Mag. (cm/s)	Dir. (°N)	Mean (cm/s) 2	Fluc. (cm/s) 2	Major axis (cm/s)	DM (°T)	Minor axis (cm/s)	Elllipticity	_____ U’ T’ cm°C/s	_____ V’ T’ cm°C/s	_____ U’ V’ (cm/s)2
11	1731	1.40	93.1	0.97	32.47	7.45	30.3	3.07	0.59	0.1246	0.2109	20.06
22	1731	1.37	14.9	0.94	32.41	7.42	9.2	3.14	0.58	-0.0082	0.0431	7.12
07	3391	2.33	32.2	2.71	59.60	8.25	38.9	7.15	0.13	-0.5302	-0.1428	8.32
26	2800	0.62	325.2	0.19	57.84	8.28	20.1	6.86	0.17	-0.1739	-0.0362	6.97
20	1800	4.91	160.0	12.07	174.87	14.73	37.4	11.53	0.22	0.3051	0.3319	40.58
R	900	2.45	259.0	2.99	545.62	25.83	16.8	20.60	0.20	-0.4048	-0.7237	67.24
35	3673	4.40	168.9	9.70	74.21	10.14	7.0	6.75	0.33	0.1291	-0.3072	6.90
01	2800	7.55	114.0	28.50	89.08	9.96	295.5	8.89	0.11	0.0962	-0.0786	-7.78
03	1800	13.3	140.5	88.43	134.96	12.08	0.4	11.14	0.08	-0.0337	0.6732	0.15
19	3915	10.6	86.1	55.75	77.96	9.43	22.2	8.19	0.13	-0.8443	-0.4890	7.67
27	2800	9.52	131.5	45.35	140.17	13.60	65.7	9.76	0.28	-0.3260	-0.0365	33.62
13	1800	11.4	125.2	62.77	194.47	16.14	62.8	11.33	0.30	-0.5996	0.0014	53.85
R	900	18.8	88.0	176.0	398.88	22.85	47.2	16.61	0.27	0.3818	0.0444	122.7
29	4053	2.51	43.44	3.15	37.16	6.92	340.1	5.14	0.26	0.0542	-0.0797	-6.88
17	1800	1.21	92.13	0.73	58.10	8.34	328.6	6.83	0.18	0.0824	-0.0162	-10.2
R	900	9.97	343.3	49.74	228.78	16.45	272.6	13.67	0.17	-1.6807	0.3299	-3.79
32	4272	2.62	301.6	3.44	17.39	4.74	325.3	3.51	0.26	-0.0575	0.0296	-4.75
31	2800	0.26	336.1	0.03	27.40	6.27	308.0	3.94	0.37	-0.0657	0.0571	-11.52
16	1800	1.39	278.9	0.96	32.27	6.49	290.0	4.74	0.27	-0.1663	0.1512	-6.33
R	900	3.35	304.3	5.62	41.73	7.60	335.3	5.07	0.33	-0.0156	-0.0467	-12.17
34	4340	3.37	319.2	5.67	14.47	4.00	40.0	3.60	0.10	0.0195	-0.0242	1.48
30	2800	0.39	302.1	0.07	17.61	4.33	17.3	4.06	0.06	0.0094	0.0441	0.62
09	1800	1.49	317.2	1.11	17.81	4.57	6.0	3.84	0.16	0.0539	0.1050	0.64
R	4781	7.71	322.7	29.73	32.76	6.87	290.4	4.28	0.38	-0.0007	0.0135	-9.44
25	4688	4.62	329.0	10.69	13.08	4.01	84.8	3.18	0.21	0.0133	0.0092	0.54
06	4588	3.00	333.6	4.49	13.10	3.84	279.0	3.39	0.12	0.0123	0.0166	-0.50

Table 5: Some Filtered Data Statistics

Meter		Av. Current		Kinetic Energy		Principal Axis Parameters				Covariances
s/n	Depth (m)	Mag. (cm/s)	Dir. (°N)	Mean (cm/s) 2	Fluc. (cm/s) 2	Major axis (cm/s)	DM (°T)	Minor axis (cm/s)	Elllipticity	_____ U’ T’ cm°C/s	_____ V’ T’ cm°C/s	_____ U’ V’ (cm/s)2
11	1731	1.40	93.0	0.98	3.47	2.60	24.4	0.84	0.68	0.0243	0.0148	2.29
22	1618	1.38	14.8	0.95	9.47	4.25	1.3	0.93	0.78	-0.0050	0.0431	0.39
07	3391	2.33	32.3	2.72	44.06	7.52	42.3	5.62	0.25	-0.5181	-0.1489	12.38
26	2800	0.63	324.5	0.20	48.22	7.80	25.9	5.97	0.23	-0.1505	-0.0522	9.88
20	1800	4.90	159.6	11.99	163.36	14.31	38.5	11.05	0.23	0.2930	0.2671	40.24
R	900	2.46	259.1	3.03	498.80	24.87	15.8	19.47	0.22	-0.4326	-0.7118	62.85
35	3673	4.37	169.0	9.56	60.06	9.25	7.7	5.87	0.37	0.1203	-0.2885	6.79
01	2800	7.67	115.0	29.37	77.29	9.41	287.8	8.13	0.14	0.1003	-0.0671	-6.53
03	1800	13.3	140.4	88.59	120.20	11.38	1.8	10.53	0.08	-0.0134	0.6358	0.60
19	3915	10.6	86.3	56.29	58.58	8.28	30.8	6.97	0.16	-0.8582	-0.4857	8.81
27	2800	9.56	131.4	45.69	131.02	13.36	67.9	9.14	0.32	-0.3306	-0.0314	33.05
13	1800	11.4	125.2	65.13	179.69	15.77	64.1	10.52	0.33	-0.5907	0.0051	54.15
R	900	18.8	87.8	177.6	360.65	21.91	49.1	15.54	0.29	0.3701	0.0006	118.0
29	4053	2.54	43.54	3.21	27.90	6.14	336.7	4.25	0.31	0.0652	-0.0705	-7.13
17	1800	1.21	92.24	0.73	52.61	8.00	326.0	6.43	0.20	0.0829	-0.0226	-10.5
R	900	10.11	343.7	51.15	205.81	15.93	273.2	12.56	0.21	-1.6809	0.3792	-5.42
32	4272	2.62	301.7	3.44	11.52	4.12	327.6	2.46	0.40	-0.0487	0.0299	-4.95
31	2800	0.26	333.5	0.03	25.49	6.09	306.9	3.72	0.39	-0.0656	0.0543	-11.16
16	1800	1.40	278.5	0.98	29.11	6.28	288.5	4.34	0.31	-0.1672	0.1412	-6.20
R	900	3.37	304.1	5.69	25.19	5.98	327.9	3.83	0.36	-0.0134	-0.0530	-9.49
34	4340	3.37	319.0	5.67	7.99	3.25	57.6	2.33	0.28	0.0238	-0.0199	2.32
30	2800	0.39	300.4	0.08	15.12	4.04	44.6	3.73	0.08	0.0104	0.0424	1.24
09	1800	1.50	316.8	1.13	14.65	4.12	10.5	3.51	0.15	0.0509	0.1022	0.84
R	4781	7.72	322.6	29.78	20.66	5.79	281.4	2.80	0.52	-0.0005	0.0139	-4.95
25	4688	4.62	329.0	10.68	7.30	3.30	76.3	1.94	0.41	0.0152	0.0143	1.63
06	4588	3.00	333.7	4.49	7.74	3.25	83.0	2.22	0.32	0.0169	0.0221	-0.69

Table 6: Statistics of Raw East-West Current Component Data

S/N	Site	Water Depth (m)	Meter Depth (m)	hab (m)	Record Length (Days)	Av. (cm/s)	Stand. Error (cm/s)	Variance (cm/s) 2	S	K	Max. (cm/s)	Min. (cm/s)
11	1	1738	1731	7	543.3	1.39	0.040	21.15	0.900	3.9	27.61	-10.54
22	1	1738	1718	120	543.3	0.35	0.029	10.99	0.138	3.6	19.65	-15.31
07	2	3491	3391	100	543.3	1.24	0.067	57.81	-0.044	3.3	26.23	-33 .69
26	2	3491	2800	691	345.7	-0.35	0.077	49.61	0.087	3.1	26.54	-22.11
20	2	3491	1800	1691	543.3	1.68	0.112	163.89	0.111	3.1	47.65	-43.00
R	2	3491	900	2591	341.4	-2.40	0.329	444.47	-0.438	3.1	64.52	-66.87
35	3	3773	3673	100	543.3	0.85	0.060	46.43	-0.261	3.8	26.42	-27.37
01	3	3773	2800	973	235.0	6.89	0.130	95.39	-0.200	3.2	39.04	-24.82
03	3	3773	1800	1973	543.3	8.47	0.098	124.03	0.087	3.1	43.40	-31.49
19	4	4015	3915	100	237.6	10.54	0.111	70.14	0.522	3.2	39.32	-15.31
27	4	4015	2800	1215	543.2	7.13	0.114	169.87	0.338	2.2	40.92	-25.72
13	4	4015	1800	2215	543.2	9.29	0.134	232.93	0.515	2.7	63.48	-34.95
R	4	4015	900	3115	341.4	18.75	0.316	408.09	0.433	2.0	69.39	-22.97
29	5	4153	4053	100	539.8	1.73	0.047	28.92	-0.107	3.4	23.31	-20.26
17	5	4153	1800	2353	539.8	1.21	0.064	52.82	0.901	5.0	40.00	-18.96
R	5	4153	900	3115	341.5	-2.86	0.257	270.47	-0.919	4.7	47.24	-58.05
32	6	4372	4272	100	539.8	-2.23	0.035	15.61	0.037	3.2	12.14	-16.79
31	6	4372	2800	1572	539.8	-0.10	0.048	30.26	0.034	5.7	22.81	-21.71
16	6	4372	1800	2572	540.0	-1.37	0.055	39.79	-1.438	8.0	18.44	-39.12
R	6	4372	900	3472	341.5	-2.77	0.087	31.31	-0.715	3.9	19.70	-26.94
34	7	4440	4340	100	537.7	-2.20	0.033	14.21	-0.086	2.8	11.05	-17.03
30	7	4440	2800	1640	537.7	-0.32	0.036	16.71	-0.263	2.4	10.85	-13.79
09	7	4440	1800	2640	537.7	-1.01	0.034	14.82	-0.163	2.4	10.56	-14.70
R	9	4788	4781	3888	341.5	-4.68	0.103	43.70	0.591	4.6	26.53	-22.65
25	9	4788	4688	100	544.4	-2.38	0.035	15.99	0.418	4.0	15.50	-15.53
06	9	4788	4588	200	544.4	-1.33	0.033	14.65	0.528	3.6	16.60	-12.29

Table 7: Statistics of Filtered East-West Current Component Data

S/N	Site	Water Depth (m)	Meter Depth (m)	hab (m)	Record Length (Days)	Av. (cm/s)	Stand. Error (cm/s)	Variance (cm/s) 2	S	K	Max. (cm/s)	Min. (cm/s)
11	1	1738	1731	7	541	1.40	0.057	1.74	0.979	4.2	6.48	-0.98
22	1	1738	1718	120	541	0.35	0.040	0.88	0.279	4.7	5.25	-3.21
07	2	3491	3391	100	542	1.25	0.281	42.88	0.139	3.2	20.92	-18 .75
26	2	3491	2800	691	344	-0.37	0.343	40.44	0.226	3.1	20.58	-15.55
20	2	3491	1800	1691	542	1.71	0.533	154.13	0.142	3.0	40.77	-34.95
R	2	3491	900	2591	340	-2.42	1.081	396.95	-0.559	3.2	46.30	-57.92
35	3	3773	3673	100	541	0.83	0.256	35.39	-0.348	3.9	18.89	-21.11
01	3	3773	2800	973	233	6.95	0.609	86.43	-0.244	3.1	34.70	-18.17
03	3	3773	1800	1973	541	8.48	0.453	110.90	0.129	3.0	38.11	-26.77
19	4	4015	3915	100	235	10.58	0.479	53.83	0.768	3.1	31.64	-3.04
27	4	4015	2800	1215	542	7.17	0.552	165.07	0.328	2.1	36.45	-18.87
13	4	4015	1800	2215	542	9.33	0.641	222.42	0.518	2.6	56.68	-25.96
R	4	4015	900	3115	340	18.83	1.054	377.79	0.426	1.9	59.13	-11.71
29	5	4153	4053	100	538	1.75	0.198	21.13	-0.138	3.6	15.06	-14.83
17	5	4153	1800	2353	538	1.21	0.300	48.40	0.983	5.2	36.19	-12.80
R	5	4153	900	3115	339	-2.84	0.865	253.45	-1.028	4.9	36.88	-51.70
32	6	4372	4272	100	538	-2.23	0.131	9.18	0.094	3.8	5.96	-11.70
31	6	4372	2800	1572	538	-0.12	0.231	28.74	0.045	6.0	20.67	-18.91
16	6	4372	1800	2572	538	-1.38	0.263	37.32	-1.545	8.5	15.43	-35.62
R	6	4372	900	3472	340	-2.79	0.246	20.58	-0.674	2.7	6.36	-15.76
34	7	4440	4340	100	536	-2.21	0.130	9.08	-0.164	2.5	4.55	-10.35
30	7	4440	2800	1640	536	-0.34	0.168	15.10	-0.285	2.3	7.42	-11.16
09	7	4440	1800	2640	536	-1.03	0.152	12.46	-0.242	2.3	6.74	-11.21
R	9	4788	4781	7	339	-4.69	0.310	32.49	1.137	5.9	21.30	-15.91
25	9	4788	4688	100	542	-2.38	0.139	10.46	0.781	5.7	13.35	-11.32
06	9	4788	4588	200	542	-1.33	0.033	10.48	0.808	4.4	12.38	-8.12

Table 8: Statistics of Raw North-South Current Component Data

S/N	Site	Water Depth (m)	Meter Depth (m)	hab (m)	Record Length (Days)	Av. (cm/s)	Stand. Error (cm/s)	Variance (cm/s) 2	S	K	Max. (cm/s)	Min. (cm/s)
11	1	1738	1731	7	543.3	-0.08	0.058	43.79	0.126	2.5	22.63	-21.19
22	1	1738	1718	120	543.3	1.32	0.064	53.84	-.346	3.2	31.35	-31.29
07	2	3491	3391	100	543.3	1.97	0.069	61.39	-.117	3.5	27.43	-41.51
26	2	3491	2800	691	345.8	0.51	0.089	66.07	-.131	3.5	28.47	-31.73
20	2	3491	1800	1691	543.3	-4.62	0.119	185.89	-.344	2.9	33.35	-46.21
R	2	3491	900	2591	341.4	-0.47	0.397	646.76	-.288	2.7	71.13	-85.83
35	3	3773	3673	100	543.3	-4.32	0.088	101.98	-.206	3.1	32.07	-40.49
01	3	3773	2800	973	235.0	-3.07	0.121	82.77	-.375	5.6	27.48	-51.02
03	3	3773	1800	1973	543.3	-10.26	0.106	145.88	-.398	3.4	26.85	-55.23
19	4	4015	3915	100	237.6	0.72	0.123	85.78	-.087	2.9	31.49	-28.80
27	4	4015	2800	1215	543.2	-6.31	0.092	110.47	-.085	3.1	34.38	-39.97
13	4	4015	1800	2215	543.2	-6.57	0.109	156.01	-.110	3.8	37.16	-53.02
R	4	4015	900	3115	341.4	0.65	0.308	389.68	-.457	3.0	54.74	-59.89
29	5	4153	4053	100	539.8	1.82	0.059	45.40	-.182	3.4	28.57	-25.01
17	5	4153	1800	2353	539.8	-0.05	0.070	63.38	-.274	4.8	37.61	-36.47
R	5	4153	900	3253	341.5	9.56	0.214	187.09	.633	2.9	53.33	-28.57
32	6	4372	4272	100	539.8	1.37	0.038	19.16	-.376	3.0	14.63	-13.45
31	6	4372	2800	1572	539.8	0.24	0.044	24.53	-.640	5.6	16.15	-24.45
16	6	4372	1800	2572	539.8	0.21	0.044	24.74	0.125	3.8	21.03	-18.59
R	6	4372	900	3472	341.5	1.89	0.113	52.16	0.254	4.4	31.37	-24.96
34	7	4440	4340	100	537.5	2.55	0.034	14.73	-.114	2.8	16.29	-10.58
30	7	4440	2800	1640	537.5	0.21	0.038	18.51	.076	2.5	15.36	-11.21
09	7	4440	1800	2640	537.5	1.09	0.040	20.82	0.598	3.9	22.13	-11.10
R	9	4788	4781	7	341.5	6.13	0.073	21.83	0.309	2.6	24.44	-6.43
25	9	4788	4688	100	544.2	3.96	0.028	10.16	-0.094	3.0	16.24	-7.09
06	9	4788	4588	200	544.2	2.69	0.030	11.54	-0.029	2.8	14.55	-8.04

Table 9: Statistics of Filtered North-South Current Component Data

S/N	Site	Water Depth (m)	Meter Depth (m)	hab (m)	Record Length (Days)	Av. (cm/s)	Stand. Error (cm/s)	Variance (cm/s) 2	S	K	Max. (cm/s)	Min. (cm/s)
11	1	1738	1731	7	541	-0.073	0.103	5.74	1.110	4.5	8.65	-5.41
22	1	1738	1718	120	541	1.33	0.183	18.07	0.433	4.3	15.96	-9.24
07	2	3491	3391	100	542	1.97	0.289	45.25	-0.040	3.5	21.06	-22 .22
26	2	3491	2800	691	344	0.51	0.403	56.00	-0.192	3.5	23.17	-23.87
20	2	3491	1800	1691	542	-4.59	0.564	172.59	-0.329	2.8	28.42	-38.35
R	2	3491	900	2591	340	-0.47	1.329	600.66	-0.324	2.6	59.04	-73.43
35	3	3773	3673	100	541	-4.29	0.396	84.73	-0.306	3.2	22.24	-33.69
01	3	3773	2800	973	233	-3.24	0.541	68.16	-0.422	5.3	21.52	-37.31
03	3	3773	1800	1973	541	-10.26	0.489	129.49	-0.470	3.3	20.62	-46.24
19	4	4015	3915	100	235	0.69	0.519	63.33	-0.128	2.8	20.28	-20.87
27	4	4015	2800	1215	542	-6.32	0.423	96.96	-0.089	3.0	24.76	-31.96
13	4	4015	1800	2215	542	-6.57	0.503	136.95	-0.158	3.6	26.94	-46.13
R	4	4015	900	3115	340	0.72	1.005	343.51	-0.531	2.8	38.06	-45.49
29	5	4153	4053	100	538	1.84	0.254	34.66	-0.274	3.8	17.56	-20.95
17	5	4153	1800	2353	538	-0.05	0.325	56.83	-0.341	4.7	27.61	-30.63
R	5	4153	900	3115	339	9.71	0.683	158.17	0.738	2.8	41.46	-16.18
32	6	4372	4272	100	538	1.38	0.160	13.85	-0.676	3.4	10.09	-10.02
31	6	4372	2800	1572	538	0.23	0.203	22.24	-0.717	6.1	12.26	-20.71
16	6	4372	1800	2572	538	0.21	0.197	20.91	0.127	4.1	17.71	-15.43
R	6	4372	900	3472	340	1.89	0.296	29.80	0.325	3.9	18.02	-14.35
34	7	4440	4340	100	536	2.54	0.113	6.90	0.025	3.0	10.98	-5.16
30	7	4440	2800	1640	536	0.20	0.168	15.13	0.051	2.3	10.09	-8.71
09	7	4440	1800	2640	536	1.09	0.177	16.84	0.777	4.5	18.90	- 6.55
R	9	4788	4781	7	339	-6.13	0.161	8.83	0.240	3.9	15.79	0.00
25	9	4788	4688	100	542	3.96	0.087	4.14	0.083	3.0	10.21	-1.31
06	9	4788	4588	200	542	2.68	0.096	5.00	0.086	3.5	10.38	-3.19

Table 10: Statistics of Raw Speed Data

S/N	Site	Water Depth (m)	Meter Depth (m)	hab (m)	Record Length (Days)	Av. (cm/s)	Stand. Error (cm/s)	Variance (cm/s) 2	S	K	Max. (cm/s)	Min. (cm/s)
11	1	1738	1731	7	543.3	6.92	0.038	19.15	1.000	3.8	34.41	2.00
22	1	1738	1718	120	543.3	7.06	0.036	17.14	1.189	5.0	31.55	2.00
07	2	3491	3391	100	543.3	9.83	0.046	28.08	0.856	4.0	41.64	1.88
26	2	3491	2800	691	345.8	9.33	0.059	29.05	0.735	3.4	34.25	1.91
20	2	3491	1800	1691	543.3	16.89	0.083	88.78	0.953	3.7	61.49	1.90
R	2	3491	900	2591	341.4	28.63	0.260	277.17	0.411	2.5	86.88	0.00
35	3	3773	3673	100	543.3	11.27	0.056	40.92	1.088	4.3	42.25	1.95
01	3	3773	2800	973	235.0	13.48	0.097	53.41	1.137	5.8	57.13	1.95
03	3	3773	1800	1973	543.3	18.65	0.087	98.81	0.841	3.6	60.07	1.92
19	4	4015	3915	100	237.6	14.55	0.099	55.79	0.633	2.8	39.75	1.98
27	4	4015	2800	1215	543.2	17.18	0.076	75.86	0.475	2.5	44.17	1.98
13	4	4015	1800	2215	543.2	19.47	0.103	139.21	0.879	3.3	66.09	1.99
R	4	4015	900	3115	341.4	28.26	0.293	350.89	0.164	1.9	74.73	0.00
29	5	4153	4053	100	539.8	7.93	0.037	17.71	0.943	3.8	30.09	1.98
17	5	4153	1800	2353	539.8	9.07	0.052	35.45	1.807	7.6	41.30	1.90
R	5	4153	900	3253	341.5	18.71	0.225	207.00	0.627	2.3	59.17	0.00
32	6	4372	4272	100	539.8	5.82	0.024	7.77	0.848	3.4	18.29	1.74
31	6	4372	2800	1572	539.8	5.87	0.040	20.36	1.878	7.3	28.68	1.98
16	6	4372	1800	2572	539.8	6.56	0.043	23.44	2.363	11.1	40.22	1.96
R	6	4372	900	3472	341.5	6.97	0.106	46.10	0.712	2.7	32.30	0.00
34	7	4440	4340	100	537.5	5.81	0.023	6.54	0.693	3.5	17.82	1.98
30	7	4440	2800	1640	537.5	5.46	0.021	5.53	0.452	2.9	16.67	1.97
09	7	4440	1800	2640	537.5	5.48	0.025	7.78	1.605	7.6	22.21	1.96
R	9	4788	4781	7	341.5	9.37	0.095	37.21	-0.004	2.2	27.17	0.00
25	9	4788	4688	100	544.2	6.33	0.024	7.52	0.519	2.9	16.67	1.99
06	9	4788	4588	200	544.2	5.41	0.021	5.92	0.861	3.8	16.61	1.67

Table 11: Statistics of Filtered Current vector magnitude data

S/N	Site	Water Depth (m)	Meter Depth (m)	hab (m)	Record Length (Days)	Av. (cm/s)	Stand. Error (cm/s)	Variance (cm/s) 2	S	K	Max. (cm/s)	Min. (cm/s)
11	1	1738	1731	7	541	2.54	0.074	2.96	1.868	7.5	10.10	2.00
22	1	1738	1718	120	541	3.67	0.117	7.36	1.230	4.5	11.29	2.96
07	2	3491	3391	100	542	8.38	0.207	23.26	0.677	3.2	29.08	0.20
26	2	3491	2800	691	344	8.53	0.263	23.85	0.732	3.5	27.02	0.43
20	2	3491	1800	1691	542	16.38	0.389	82.09	0.890	3.4	51.89	1.87
R	2	3491	900	2591	340	27.48	0.851	246.40	0.407	2.3	73.43	1.98
35	3	3773	3673	100	541	10.13	0.260	36.45	1.109	4.3	34.80	0.35
01	3	3773	2800	973	233	12.87	0.451	47.35	1.024	5.2	43.64	1.71
03	3	3773	1800	1973	541	17.95	0.420	95.23	0.731	3.3	53.35	0.60
19	4	4015	3915	100	235	13.37	0.465	50.73	0.529	2.5	32.58	1.31
27	4	4015	2800	12